PMC

Analysis of GhMC expression levels following phytohormone treatments according to a qRT-PCR assay. (a) 100 µM ABA (abscisic acid) treatment; (b) 100 µM NAA (naphthylacetic acid) treatment; (c) 100 µM SA (salicylic acid) treatment; (d) 100 µM MeJA (methyl jasmonate) treatment.

Expression of D-cyclin genes in response to plant growth substances. A, Seedlings grown in Murashige and Skoog liquid medium in the dark for 8 d and then for a further 24 h without Suc (−S) or with Suc (+S). B, Seedlings grown in Murashige and Skoog medium with Suc in the light for 9 d and then for a further 24 h with added growth regulators as follows: none (C); 1 μm naphthylacetic acid (N); 1 μm zeatin (Z); 1 μm naphthylacetic acid and 1 μm zeatin (NZ); 1 μm 22-23 homo-brassinolide (Br); and abscisic acid (Aba). Northern blots were sequentially probed with cyclin D3a, cyclin D3b, and cyclin D1.

RT-PCR expression analysis of genes from the four different temporal expression clusters. Genes from cluster A are presented in A, genes from cluster B in B, and so on. Cells were cultured for different amounts of time in TE induction medium (C_{A + C}), basal medium without hormones (C₀), or in the presence of either naphthylacetic acid (C_A), or benzylaminopurine alone (C_C).

(A) Molecular structures of NapFFpYGGaa (1P, Nap: naphthylacetic acid; F: L-phenylalanine; pY: L-phosphotyrosine; G: glycine; a: D-alanine), vancomycin (2), and their non-covalent complex 1P:2. (B) Illustration of the context-dependent dynamic continuum of molecular assemblies for controlling cell fate. By controlling the activity of the ectophosphatase (e.g., ALPL) on cancer cells via a corresponding enzyme inhibitor, dynamic continuum of the assemblies of supramolecular phosphoglycopeptides (sPGP) resulting in a 2D cell sheet, 3D cell spheroids, or cell death.